Semax

Semax exerts its effects through multiple mechanisms of action. It has been shown to modulate the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF), which are crucial for neuronal survival, growth, and plasticity. Semax also enhances the activity of the serotonergic and dopaminergic systems, neurotransmitters involved in mood regulation, motivation, and cognitive functions.Additionally, Semax exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, protecting neurons from oxidative stress and inflammation-induced damage. It has been found to reduce the accumulation of beta-amyloid peptides, which are implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Semax also improves blood circulation in the brain, enhancing oxygen and nutrient delivery to neural tissues.

Research studies have highlighted several potential benefits of Semax peptide

1. Cognitive enhancement Semax has been shown to improve memory, learning, and attention in various animal models and clinical trials. It may enhance cognitive performance in healthy individuals and those with cognitive impairments.

2. Neuroprotection Semax exhibits neuroprotective properties, reducing neuronal damage and promoting neuronal survival in the face of various insults, such as ischemia, trauma, and neurodegenerative diseases.

3. Mood regulation Semax has been investigated for its potential anxiolytic and antidepressant effects, possibly through its modulation of serotonergic and dopaminergic systems.

4. Stroke recovery Semax has shown promise in promoting functional recovery and reducing neurological deficits following ischemic stroke in animal models.

5. Neurodegenerative disorders Semax has been explored as a potential therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, due to its neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing properties.

• Semax is generally well-tolerated, with few reported side effects in clinical trials. However, as with any research compound, caution should be exercised, and further studies are needed to fully understand its safety profile. Potential side effects may include

• Headache

• Dizziness

• Allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.

Semax peptide is a promising research compound with potential cognitive-enhancing, neuroprotective, and mood-regulating properties. Its ability to modulate neurotrophic factors, neurotransmitter systems, and inflammatory processes has sparked interest in its therapeutic potential for various neurological disorders. While the results from preclinical studies and clinical trials are encouraging, further research is needed to fully elucidate its mechanisms of action, safety profile, and clinical applications. As a research chemical, Semax peptide offers a valuable tool for investigating the complexities of the brain and developing novel therapies for neurological conditions.

1. Dolotov OV, Eremin KO, Andreeva LA, Novosadova EV, Raevskiy KS, Myasoedov NF, Grivennikov IA. Semax, an Analog of ACTH(4-7), Regulates Gene Expression in the Rat Brain Striatum. Mol Biol (Mosk). 2021.

2. Vyunova TV, Andreeva LA, Shevchenko KV, Myasoedov NF. Peptide Semax Enhances the Effect of Levodopa in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2022.

3. Dolotov OV, Karpenko EA, Inozemtseva LS, Seredenina TS, Levitskaya NG, Rozyczka J, Dubynina EV, Novosadova EV, Andreeva LA, Alfeeva LY, Grivennikov IA, Myasoedov NF. Semax, an analog of ACTH(4-10) with cognitive effects, regulates BDNF and trkB expression in the rat hippocampus. Brain Res. 2006.

4. Gusev EI, Skvortsova VI, Chukanova EI. Semax in Prevention of Disease Progress and Development of Exacerbations in Patients with Cerebrovascular Insufficiency. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2015.

5. Medvedeva EV, Dmitrieva VG, Povarova OV, Limborska SA, Skvortsova VI, Myasoedov NF, Dergunova LV. Effect of Semax and Its C-Terminal Fragment Pro-Gly-Pro on the Expression of VEGF Family Genes and Their Receptors in Experimental Focal Ischemia of the Rat Brain. J Mol Neurosci. 2017.

6. Vyunova TV, Andreeva LA, Shevchenko KV, Myasoedov NF. Semax Peptide Regulates Inflammatory Cytokine Expression. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2018.

7. Agapova TY, Agniullin YV, Shadrina MI, Shram SI, Slominsky PA, Lymborska SA, Myasoedov NF. Neurotrophin gene expression in rat brain under the action of Semax, an analogue of ACTH 4-10. Neurosci Lett. 2007.

8. Gusev EI, Martynov MY, Kostenko EV, Petrova LV, Bobyreva SN. The efficacy of semax in the treatment of patients at different stages of ischemic stroke. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2018.

9. Sebentsova EA, Denisenko AV, Levitskaya NG, Andreeva LA, Kamensky AA, Myasoedov NF. Long-lasting behavioral effects of chronic neonatal treatment with ACTH (4-10) analogue semax in white rat pups. Zh Vyssh Nerv Deiat Im I P Pavlova. 2004.

10. Manchenko DM, Glazova NY, Levitskaya NG, Andreeva LA, Kamenskii AA, Myasoedov NF. Nootropic and analgesic effects of Semax following different routes of administration. Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova. 2010.